Wheeze is a high-pitched whistling sound during breathing, usually heard when breathing out. It happens when airways are narrowed or partly blocked. It is a symptom, not a diagnosis.
Possible causes
- Asthma: episodes of wheeze, cough and tightness, often triggered by allergens, exercise, infections or weather.
- COPD or chronic bronchitis: more persistent wheeze with long-term cough and breathlessness, usually in people with smoke or dust exposure.
- Respiratory infections: bronchitis and other chest infections can cause temporary wheeze.
- Allergic reactions: which can sometimes become serious.
- Heart conditions: fluid in the lungs can cause wheeze-like sounds, usually with other symptoms.
- Airway obstruction: a blockage in the airway, which needs medical attention.
Warning signs to watch for
- Wheeze with severe difficulty speaking in full sentences
- Blue lips or face, or marked drowsiness and confusion
- Wheeze after a suspected allergic exposure, with swelling of the lips, tongue or throat
- Sudden wheeze after choking or inhaling something
- A reliever inhaler that is not helping
When to book a consultation
Book a review when wheeze is recurring, lasts more than a short illness, wakes you at night, limits activity, or you rely on a reliever inhaler. A good history, examination and, when appropriate, breathing tests help identify the cause. Bring a note of triggers, current medicines and any previous reports.
Frequently asked questions
Is wheezing always asthma?
No. COPD, infections, allergies, heart conditions and airway blockage can also cause wheeze, so a proper assessment matters before assuming one cause.
Is wheezing at night serious?
It can indicate poorly controlled asthma or another condition and is worth discussing with a doctor, particularly if it wakes you or is increasing.
This article is general education and does not replace an examination, diagnosis or treatment plan.